Heating system.



L. C. 0RD.

HEATING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 10, 1911.

Patented Mar. 16, 1915.

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UNITED STATES PATEN FFTFZ.

LEWIS CRAVEN RD, 0F MONTREAL, QUEBEC, CANADA, ASSIGNOR TO RICHARD W. BURNETT, OF MONTREAL, CANADA.

HEATING SYSTEM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar 16, 1915.

T all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Lnwis CRAVEN 0RD, residing at Montreal, Province of Quebec, Dominion of Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Heating Systems; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

My invention relates to steam heating systems and more particularly to steam heating systems adapted for use on railway trains.

One of the primary objects of the invention is to provide an improved form of steam heating system which can be operated so as to maintain the radiator or radiators at a minimum temperature, sufficient to keep the traps or other exposed parts of the apparatus from freezing up and to impart a mild heat to the car, but which may be, as occasion requires, so operated as to increase the temperature of the radiating surfaces of the system up to the maximum capacity thereof.

A further object of the invention is to provide a steam heating system with an air inlet through which atmospheric air may be introduced into the system and mixed with the steam so as to decrease the efiective heating capacity of the system and to provide means which is automatically operated at a certain thermostatic condition of the medium in the system, for example, when the pressure reaches a certain point, for closing the air inlet. By means of the arrangements and devices provided by my invention air is introduced into the system so long as the steam supply is insufficient to keep the same filled with steam. When the steam supply is increased sutliciently to fill the radiator or radiators with steam, the air inlet is automatically closed so that escape of steam is prevented. If the system is provided with a steam trap at its outlet end it may thus be converted from a low pressure system to a high pressure system by simply manipulating the valve used for controlling the steam supply.

The invention further consists of the construction, combination and particular arrangement of part hereinafter described and pointed out in the claims. For full comprehension however of my invention reference must be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, in which similar reference characters indicate the same parts, and wherein Figure l is a vertical sectional view of aportion of the floor of a passenger car provided with my improved system; Fig. 2 is a perspective view of my improved system apart from the car and illustrating particularly a suitable lay out of piping for the system; and Fig. 8 is an end elevation of the air suction end of the system.

The system must of course be varied to suit different installations, and the installation illustrated is that suitable for a passenger car.

The radiator pipe R communicates at its exhaust end with the usual thermostatic trap 100 and at the supply end through an injector nozzle tube N with a mixing cham' ber C communicating in turn at its lowe side with the upper end of an air supply pipe A extending downwardly through the floor 2 of the car and controlled at its lower end by a weighted check valve K, of the usual gravity relief trap type, for instance. The nozzle N is carried in an extension 10 of the casting 12 which effects an elbow connection between the radiator pipe R and air pipe A, forms the chamber 0, and constitutes the casing of the nozzle proper carrying at one side the tube N and one end of the radiator pipe R in independent seats 15 and 16 respectively, and at the opposite side, in independent seats 17 and 18 respectively, a valve seat 20 and bonnet 21, while the bottom side carries in independent seats 22 and 23, respectively, the upper ends of the air pipe A and a steam pipe 24; inclosing and forming a steam j aclret for the pipe A. The seats 17 and 22 are formed in a division wall within the injector case which divides ofi' a duct 25 connecting the top of the steam pipe 24 with the valve seat 20 and afi ords a valve-chamber 26 closed by the bonnet. Within this valve chamber is a duplex valve carried by a valve stem 27 in screw-thread connection with the bonnet. This duplex valve comprises a main valvular member 30 having a central port 31 flared as at 32 to form a seat for a conical secondary valvular member 35 projecting from the valve stem which is flanged as at 36 and formed with a cylindrical guiding head 37. The main valve 30 has an-interiorly screw-thread collar 38 provided with a series of ports 39 and having screwed therein a bushing 40 between the inner end of which and the main valve there is a sec: ondary valve-chamber in which valve 35 is allowed sufiicient movement to uncover the port 31. Axial movement of the stem is imparted to the main valve in an opening direction by the engagement of the'flange 36 of the secondary valve with the bushing 40 of the main valve and in a closing direction by the engagement of the face of the secondary valve with the body of the main valve. he stem has an operating handle 50.

The gravity check valve K in the lower end of the air pipe A normally hangs open in its quadrantal chamber 60, thus permitting the entry of the air to, and the discharge of the drippings due to condensation in, the system; pressure in this pipe greater than that of the atmosphere causing the valve to close.

The pipe 2% extends downwardly through the floor of the car and its lower end is connected through a combination coupling and expansion head and abranch 7 O to the usual train pipe 71. This head consists of a hollow body 7 5 into the top of which the pipe 24 is screwed, the pipe A extending from the pipe 24 and protruding just sufiiciently through a packed joint 7 6 in the bottom to permit the quadrantal valve-chamber 60 to be fitted thereon, and the pipe connection 7 0 being screwed into the side of the head.

A drainage duct 80 leads from the radiator pipe to the pipe A.

An important feature of my improved system is the particular location of the open air-'supply-pipe relatively to the steam valves which, when the steam valves are closed, provides a free heated drainage duct for any leakage at the valves, and obviates any chance of the leakage entering and lodging in the radiator pipes; the object of this feature being to prevent freezing of the trap or radiator pipes.

Operation: When the handle is turned to open the valve the secondary valve is first lifted from its seat thus permitting the steam to find its way from the pipe 24L through duct 25 and ports 39 to port 31 from which a steam jet is projected through chamber C and injector tube N into the radiator pipe R. The eflect is that, there being an absence of pressure in the system and the valve K consequently lying open, the tendency to create a vacuum in chamber C draws in air through the pipe A, which thoroughly mixes with the steam, the mixture flowing through the system and discharging at the thermostatic trap. Upon the handle being turned sufficiently to lift the main valve from its seat steam alone will fill the radiator pipes, the augmented temperature and resultant pressure closing the thermostatic trap and check valve K, and the system working purely as a steam heating system.

In the system above described a low heat is secured by admitting a small st of steam which is carried in suspension by and gradually gives up its heat to the air with which it is mixed, the heat being transmitted by the air to the radiating surface of the radiator pipe. This action is distributed with comparative uniformity throughout the length of the radiating surface and sufiicient temperature is retained to impart velocity to and heat the drip, thus preventing freezing at this point and enabling a low heat radiation to be maintained. And the heat radiation can be readily increased until steam predominates and, if the maximum temperature is required, displaces the air entirely and acts alone.

What I claim is as follows 1. In a railway car heating system the combination with the train steam pipe, a radiator and a thermostatic trap at the discharge end of such radiator, of a casing having a partition dividing the interior thereof into air and steam compartments and having the intake end of said radiator connected to one side thereof; an injector tube carried by the said side of the casing within the connected end of the radiator; a valve seat carried by the partition in alinement with the said tube and effecting a communication between the said compartments; a main valve adapted to be seated on the seat and having a central port and a secondary valve chamber; a secondary valve Within the secondary valve-chamber and controlling the said port; a valve stem having the main valve connected therewith with limited relative movement and said secondary valve rigidly connected thereto; a steam duct leading from the train steam-pipe to the steam compartment; an air pipe open to the atmosphere at one end and extending through the said steam duct and connected to the air compartment; and means for preventing the escape of steam at the open end of the air pipe.

2. In a railway car heating system the combination with the train steam pipe, a radiator and a thermostatic trap at the discharge end of such radiator, of a casing having a partition dividing the interior thereof into air and steam compartments and having the intake end of the said radiator connected to one side thereof; an injector tube carried by the said side of the casing within the connected end of the radiator; a valve seat carried by the partition in alinementwith the said tube and. effect- 7 ing a communication between the said compartments; a ma n valve adapted to be seated on the seat and having a central port and a secondary valve chamber; a secondary 15f? valve within the secondary valve-chamber and controlling the said port; a valve stem having the main valve connected therewith with limited relative movement and said secondary valve rigidly connected thereto; a steam duct leading from the train steampipe to the steam compartment; an air pipe open to the atmosphere at one end and extending through the said steam duct and connected to the air compartment; and a normally open gravity check valve controlling the open end of the air pipe and adapted to be closed by pressure within the system.

3. In a railway car heating system the combination with the train steam pipe, a radiator and a thermostatic trap at the discharge end of such radiator, of a casing having a partition dividing the interior thereof into air and steam compartments and having the intakeend of the said radiator connected to one side thereof; an injector tube carried by the said side of the casing within the connected end of the radiator; a valve seat carried by the partition in alinement with the said tube and effecting a communication between the said compartments; a main valve adapted to be seated on the seat and having a central port and a secondary valve chamber; a secondary valve within the secondary valve chamber and controlling the said port; a valve stem having the main valve connected therewith with limited relative movement and said secondar Y valve rigidly connected thereto; a steam duct leading from the train steampipe to the steam compartment; an air pipe open to the atmosphere at one end and eX- tending through the said steam duct and connected to the air compartment; the wall of the casing having a drainage duct extending from the radiator pipe to the air pipe; and a gravity check valve controlling the open end of the air pipe.

4. A railway car heating system comprising a steam supplying means constituting the initial steam supply to the system, means comprising an air duct for supplying air to said initial steam supplying means and mixing the said air with the steam so that it may flow therewith through the system;

means for determinately varying the proportion of the said steam and air in mixture; means for closing said air duct which normally stands open until a predetermined pressure is obtained in the radiator and which is closed automatically by an increase of pressure above the predetermined amount, and means whereby the air supply is heated before entering the steam supply means.

5. In a heating system, the combination with a source of supply of steam and a radiator communicating with said source of supply and provided with an air inlet arranged so that the flow of steam from the source of supply through the radiator will cause air to be introduced therein through said air inlet, of means automatically operated by the medium in said system for closing said air inlet, means for controlling the introduction of steam into said radiator comprising a main steam port, an auxiliary steam port of smaller capacity, and valves for controlling said ports.

6. In a heating system, the combination with a source of supply of steam and a r M d'ator communicating with said source of supply and provided with an air inlet arranged so that the flow of steam from the source of supply through the radiator will cause air to be introduced therein through said air inlet, of means automatically operated by the medium in said system for closing said air inlet, means for controlling the introduction of steam into said radiator comprising a main steam port, a valve for the same having a steam port therethrough, and a valve to control said last named port.

7. In a heating system, the combination with a source of supply of steam and a radiator communicating with said source of supply and provided with an air inlet arranged so that the flow of steam from the source of supply through the radiator will cause air to be introduced therein through said air inlet, of means automatically operated by the medium in said system for closing said air inlet, means for controlling the introduction of steam into said radiator comprising a main steam port, a valve for the same having a steam port therethrough, and a valve to control said last named port, said valves being arranged on a single stem so that the port in the first named valve is first opened and thereafter the main steam port.

8. In a car heating system, the combination with a train pipe, of a radiator, a steam supply pipe leading from the train pipe to said radiator, an air supply pipe extending through said steam supply pipe and communicating with said radiator, a valve at the intake end of said last named pipe adapted to be closed by pressure, and means for controlling the introduction of steam from said supply pipe to said radiator comprising a main steam port, a valve for the same provided with an auxiliary steam port, a valve for said auxiliary port, and a stem on. which said valves are arranged whereby the auxiliary port may be first opened and thereafter the main port.

9. In a heating system, the combination with a source of supply'of steam and a radiator communicating with said source of supply and provided with an air inlet through which air is introduced into the radiator, of means for closing said air inlet which normally stands open until a predetermined pressure is obtained in the radiator and which is closed by an increase of pressure above the predetermined amount, and a valve adapted to be set at will to de terminately vary the proportion of steam and air introduced into the radiator.

10. In a heating system, the combination with a source of supply of steam and a radiator communicating with said source of supply and provided with an air inlet arranged so that the flow of steam from the said source of supply through the radiator will cause air to be introduced therein through said air inlet, of means for closing said air inlet which normally stands open until a predetermined pressure is obtained in the radiator and which is closed automatically by an increase of pressure above the predetermined amount, and a valve adapted to be set to vary at will the amount of steam introduced into the radiator and thereby determinately vary the proportion of steam to air in'the radiator.

11. In a car heating system, the combination with a train pipe, of a radiator, means constituting a conduit leading from the train pipe to the radiator, an air pipe leading to the radiator and arranged so that steam in said conduit is in contact therewith, a valve in said air pipe which normally stands open until a predetermined pressure is obtained in the radiator and which is closed automatically by an increase of pressure above the predetermined amount, the steam conduit and air pipe beingso arranged that steam from the former blows over the inner end of the latter in passing to the radiator, and a valve adapted to be set at will so as to determinately vary the proportion of steam to air introduced into the radiator.

12. In a car heating system, the combination with a train pipe, of a radiator, means constituting a conduit leading from the train pipe to the radiator, an air pipe leading to the radiator and arranged so that steam in said conduit is in contact therewith, a valve in said air pipe which normally stands open until a predetermined pressure is obtained in the radiator and whlch is closed automatically by an increase of pressure above the, predetermined amount,

the steam conduit and air pipe being so arranged that steam from the former blows over the inner end of the latter in passing to the radiator, a valve which may be set to vary at will the amount of steam passing from the conduit into the radiator,'and a nozzle having a constricted passageway therethrough arranged between the radiator and the inner ends of the steam conduit and air pipe. I

13. In a car heating system, the combina-v tion with a train pipe, of a radiator, a casing provided with a steam inlet port and with a nozzle delivering into said radiator, an inlet pipe leading from the train pipe to said steam inlet port, an air pipe extending through said inlet pipe and into said casing, a valve in said air pipe which normally stands open until a predetermined pressure is obtained in the radiator and which is closed automatically by an increase of pressure above the predetermined amount, and a valve which may be set to vary at will the amount of steam passing through said steam inlet port. r

14:. In a car heating system, the combination with a train pipe, of a radiator, a casing provided with a steam inlet port and with a nozzle delivering into said radiator, an inlet pipe leading from the train pipe to said steam inlet port, an air pipe extending through said inlet pipe and into said casing, a pressure closed valve in the outer end of said air pipe, a main valve controlling the flow of steam through said steam inlet port formed with a duct therethrough, and a secondary valve to close said duct.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two witnesses.

LEVVIS CRAVEN 0RD. lVitnesses: I

It. I-IUDsoN, E. R. PIT'rs.

Copies 01' this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

' Washington, D. G, 

